CBT/PBT時代、TOEFLの親元ETSが以前にWritingの問題サンプルとして公表した185題のトピックがあるのをご存知でしょうか？ETSの公式サイトからダウンロード可能です（PDF：Writing Topics）。これらの問題ですが、決して旧時代の遺物と思わず、現行のiBTのWriting、加えて Speaking（Independentセクション）にも応用が可能なのです。ETSがこれら185題のWritingトピックを実際に作成したということは、そのままiBTに転用されることは稀にしろ、iBT用のWriting/Speakingスキルの向上・ネタ出しの俊敏性アップに直結することは間違いありません。そこで自分がTOEFL iBT勉強時に用意したWritingトピック185題用の回答例（要点のみ・各題2つずつ）を以下に掲載してみたいと思います。本記事では前半90題分までカバーしたいと思います。当時は英語力が稚拙なので、間違っていたり疑問点があったりする場合も多々あると思いますが、どうか寛容な目でご覧頂きコメントやメールなどでご連絡いただければと思います！どれか1つでも皆さんの役に立てれば、と切に思います。
why people attend university
① to learn a lot of things
② to make it smoother to get a job
Parents are the best teachers - agree
① scolding helps a child realize that he/she is misataken
② praised enough by parents, a child gets confidence
Easy food preparation changes the way people live - agree
① frozen food can save more time to cook
- all you have to do to eat this pizza is to microwave it.
② precooked food can be got in every convenience store or shop
experience/book which is important - experience
① experience is the best teacher
- people never forget what they have once acquired through their real experience
② The successful experience yields next success
building a large factory near your community - disagree
① environmental pollution such as air contamination or water pollution
② noise pollution threatens our life
change one important thing in your hometown
- a big shopping center
① can bring many people to my hometown and make prosperous
② it becomes convenient to go shopping because there are a few small shops in my hometown
movies or TV influence people's behavior
① movies often move people's heart or motivate to keep up
② television gives us the latest information - such as a prompt report of the earthquake
TV has destroyed communication among friends and family - disagree
① interesting TV programs lubricate communications among friends
② talk up a storm about TV programs when eating lunch or dinner
live in a big city or a small town - a big city
① can get anything necessary as soon as possible
② There are a lot of facilities such as a library or a gym
success due to only hard work / luck - luck
① Someone who met accidently / dropped in with helps you
② a book I bought unexpectedly gives me important information
university gives as much money to library as to sports - diagree
① a man who likes playing sports also has a sense of studying
② a man who only studies might be unhealthy
why people visit museums
① to acquire new knowledge
② to broaden a sense of beauty
eat at food stands/eat at home - at home
① can save a plenty of costs
② a well-balanced diet
university students - attend classes - required/optional - required
① a student who attends every class usually can get a better grade
② can communicate with other students
the qualities of a good neighbor
① do not give you any troubles and is not too officious
② is kind to children and adults
building a new restaurant in your neighborhood - agree
① can have a good meal whenever I like
② many restaurants which have been in my neighborhood might improve in thier taste --??
learn better by themselves/with a teacher - a teacher
① when learning, I can save more time with a teacher's advice
② a teacher gives me a lot of information which I do not know
the qualities of a good supervisor (boss)
① give me lots of good advice
② can communicate smoothly with the young and the old
improve roads and highways/public transportation - public transportation
① public transportation can save lots of travel expenses
② a network of public transportation can go easily everywhere I want
children - grow up in the countryside/a big city - in the countryside
① There are few things that disturb children in their studying
② living in the countryside allows a close contact between children and nature
the cause of living longer
① progress of the field of medicine
- technology of surgery and development of new medicine
② improving our food
- high nutritional value
important characteristics of a co-worker
① friendly/charming - can communicate smoothly
② give some advice or help when I'm in trouble
teenagers have jobs when still students - disagree
① prevent students from studying, which is students' duty
- can not concentrate on studying/learning
② with money they earn, they will not study but play
an acquaintance like/dislike your hometown - like
① delicious food, such as udon, a kind of noodles,
- which is a specialty/well-known product of Kagawa
② still have a rich natural environment
- a view from the mountaintop/a starry sky is beautiful
building a large shopping center in your neighborhood - agree
① everytime I can buy everything I want
② many people come to my town, so that my hometown would be prosperous
building a movie theater in your neighborhood - agree
① everytime I can see every movie I want
② many people come to my town, so that my hometown would be prosperous
do things that they do not enjoy - disagree
① they should do the given task because they must earn money to live
② broaden both the mind and the ability
the media usually pay too much attention to celebrities - disagree
① though we have the right to know, everyone does not request such too excessive reports
② get exhausted mentally
- can not do their best/commite suicide
human activity harm/help the Earth - harm
① discharging carbon dioxide too much by industrialization leads to the global warming
② deforestation - many animals lose their home
building a new high school in my community - agree
① There could be useful facilities for students such as a library, a bookstore, or a hospital.
② many family live near my town, so that it would be prosperous.
live in one place/move a number of times - move
① can accumlate a lot of friends
② get so much new stimulation from each new surrounding
enjoy/save your money - save
① can cut wasteful spending and do not buy on impulse
② can prepare for contingency situations such as severe injuries or getting laid off
use money for jewelry/concert - concert
① can meet the very artist that I have long wanted to
② can raise my spirits
businesses should hire employees for their entire lives - disagree
① one's life should depend not on a company but on one's will
② to make more profits and dividends, the right person should be matched to the right place in a company
attend a live performance/watch TV - watch TV
① can save some costs such as payment for tickets or transportation
② if the program is not interesting, I can change the channel on my TV
- watching concerts or sporting events is not always fun
change people's lives - automobiles/bicycles/airplanes - airplanes
① people can enjoy traveling abroad
② airplanes provide support for expanding trade
- can save more time and more costs/can remove the danger for voyages
progress is always good - disagree
① technology might cause harm the Earth
- discharging carbon dioxides and deforestation
② improving food threatens our body
- using of chemical additives causes a lot of health effects
learning about the past has no value - disagree
① looking into the past helps us learn from the lessons of history
② we can use statistical data to estimate the future
students can learn more information and learn it more quickly with the help of technology - agree
① many published books and the Internet help students acquire more knowledge
② using the Internet gives students proper information more quickly than ever
"Never, never give up" means to keep trying and never stop working
① continuing efforts is the shortest way to succeed
② due to stopping on the way, I might lose an important chance
human needs for more land/saving land for endangered animals - human needs
① it might cost too much to save and protect endangered animals
- research, managing protected regions, check their health - for a long time
② large growth in population and industrialization cause land scarcity
a very important skill to succeed in the world today
① ability to get the adequate information more quickly than others
- from someone, the market trend, the Internet or so
② ability to take action as soon as possible, based on the proper information
people are attracted to danger
① many people like to perch themselves in a dangerous location to experience more thrills and exhilaration
② many people like to do what others do not
travel with a companion/travel alone
① can go to any countries which I want to go
② can make my travel plan with no attention to friends
- where to go, when to arrive and leave
get up early in the morning/work until late at night - get up early
① help me clear my head and can work efficiently
② pleasant working conditions
- can avoid early-morning commuter jam, if I get up one hour earlier
the important qualities of a good son or daughter
① never forget to thank for parents
② care about parents
work for a large/small company - small
① with my company's growth I can develop my ability to work
- harder I work, more my company grow
② even when I'm young, I can take on responsible jobs
some reasons except money to work
① to acquire new knowledge or abilities
② communicating with people is fun for many workers
face-to-face communication is better than letters or e-mail - agree
① it is warmer and more positive communication
- make favorable and deep impressions on those who actually meet
② can express things through delicate nuance which cannot be conveyed with written letters
do only what they already do well/try new things - try new things
① new experience could broaden one's ability/give him/her lots of new information
② lead him/her to a new encounter
- can make many valuable contacts and someone might help him/her
success comes from taking risks or chances/careful planning - taking risks or chances
① Great happiness, great danger.
- a high-risk challenge tends to be more successful than low-risk one
② Make hay while the sun shines.
- a successful man does not always miss a chance.
what makes your town appealing to people - Sunport Takamatsu
① there are many shopping centers for the young in this building
② it is very close to the station where all of railroads in my hometown cross
job's importance - money a person earns - agree
① earned money is directly related to performance of one's work
② when my salary is paid, I get a sense of accomplishment
judge a person by external appearances - disagree
① we cannot judge someone based on looks only
- I have many friends who are flashily dressed but are very thoughtful
- Masashi, who bleach his hair green, is always concerned about the nation's future
② some bad things happen when judged by appearance
a person should never make an important decision alone - agree
① some bad points in the decision a person made alone could be pointed out
② Two heads are better than one.
- can conceive a bright idea
company - support the arts/protect the environment - protect the environment
① it can save more people to protect the environment than supporting the arts
② can leave a better environment to our descendants
movie - make people serious/amused - serious
① important lessons from a serious movie could be used in actual life
② a serious movie turns one's thought to the problem
business - do anything they can to make a profit - disagree
① must not hurt innocent people - against the law
- cheat someone out of their money/take up one's convenience
② must not destroy the nature
- cannnot leave a better environment to our descendants
live in a hurry/at a slower pace - in a hurry
① those who keep to the minute give people a good impression
② getting things done early gives more free time
games - as important for adults as for children
① playing games is a great relief for stress/relieve stress
② adults could contact with their children through playing games
parents decide children(15-18 years old)'s act - disagree
① children has their own criteria for judgement
② would deprive them of independence
the qualities of a good friend - a reliable friend is best for me
① when I'm in trouble, he will help me or give me some important advice
② act as a leader - lead us to a better consequence
past experiences becomes lessons for the future - agree
① looking into the past helps us learn from the lessons of history
② we can use statistical data to estimate the future
work for themselves/for an employer - own a business
① higher position, happier I would be when succeed
② those who is in high position could meet other people in similar position
preserve old buildings/destroy and replace them with modern buildings - preserve
① old buildings with histrical value is the best teaching material for the young
② can appeal to foreign tourists as the tradition of Japan
classmates is more important in school than parents - agree
① one's reputation at school is mostly dependent on classmates
② making many friends in one's class leads to having many friends in other classes
what kind of worker would you like to hire
- an inexperienced worker at a lower salary
① share his experience with other workers
② a low salary is help for finances of my company
homework is necessary for students - agree
① through homework every day students get the habit of studying
② feel a sense of accomplishment when they finished their tasks
a subject which you haven't study but want to learn - Chinese
① learning Chinese helps me communicate with Chinese people when traveling
② I want to watch Chinese movies without Japanese subtitles
automobile - improve modern life/cause problems - problem
① causes car accidents, which kill many people
② discharging carbon dioxides causes global warming
high-paying/more time with friends and family - more free time
① Even if I earn much money, it means nothing if I don't have the time to use it
② The time with their friends or families can't be replaced with money
grades encourage students to learn - agree
① good grades shows that the way students learn is not exactly wrong
② when getting good grades, students are willing to study the subjects deeply
computers - made life convenient/complex - convenient
① we can get a lot of information through the Internet
② we can calculate and get proper information more quickly than ever before
travel in a group led by a tour guide
① a guide know secret hot spots which tourists don't know
② traveling in numbers is more fun than alone
- enjoy reminscing about our traveling
university students - many subjects/one specialized subject - many subjects
① broaden your ability through various subjects, which have indirect connections with your major
② can communicate with many people with different ideas
children - learn a foreign languate sooner - agree
① earlier children learn a foreign language, better they are at using it.
② can communicate with many foreign people in early childhood
boys&girls separate class - disagree
① when separating - conversely, cannot concentrate in studying due to attracting the attention of the opposite sex
② nuture friendship between men and women
work with a group/indepently - group
① can exchange various ideas
② the division of work helps us finish the task early
who - choose a person - making his statue - Masayoshi Ohira
① he is the first person in my city to be the prime minister
② he financed many small companiess in my city and helped grow them
a custom in Japan - attract foreign people - the kimono
① The kimono, a beautiful traditional garment, is a source of pride for Japanese.
② People in kimonos can also enjoy free admission to many tourist attractions in Japan such as museums or temples.
technology makes the world better - agree
① progress in transportation such as automobiles or airplanes has developed commercial activities
② with the Internet, we can acquire a lot of information quickly
advertising can tell a lot about a country - agree
① is colored by the national character
② helps know special local products
modern technology creates a single world culture - agree
① industrialization causes uniformalization of products
② the Internet helps share and exchange information with all countries
access to so much information creates problems - agree
① lead to leaking private information
② some kinds of fraud on the Internet - troubles in shopping online/Internet auction
where - tourist visit in Japan - Tokyo
① is the cutting-edge of various kinds of trends or technology - fashion, food, car-design, amusement park
② has many traditional cultures
- the temple of Asakusa, the traditional performing arts of Kabuki and Noh are still popular in Tokyo
in the past - when and where would you like to go - go back in high school days
① work my club activity harder than ever to take first place at the high school baseball championship
② study harder and want to go to a foreign university
what discovery in the last 100 years - most benefical - discovery of the world network called the Internet
① helps us communicate with everyone in all countries
② can acquire a lot of information more quickly through the Internet than ever
telephone and email - less personal -disagree
① thanks to telephone, we can talk to someone in a distance
② email we can show what we feel but cannot say out loud
who - you meet a historical person - Leonardo da Vinci, who was a universal genius
① I want to learn science and technology from him
② I would like to let him draw my own portrait - want to view it at the museum
who - you meet a famous entertainer or athlete - Hidetoshi Nakata
① I would like to have a party with him or his famous friends, such as David Beckham, Luis Figo or Ronaldo, who are the most famous soccer players
② I want to learn how to survive as a successful business person from him, who owns his company and is on the board of directors of other companies
This is important to remember while you are browsing IELTS or TOEFL preparation course, if you are planning on applying for citizenship or collage and intend to use your results as an entry requirement.
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